Hydrocyclone or sand trap is one of the cheapest equipment in water purification, the main focus of which is to remove sand and solid mineral particles suspended in water. Unlike other water treatment methods such as ultrafiltration and NF, it is not possible to remove salts and ions in water using a hydrocyclone. Here are the benefits, applications, how the hydrocyclone works, important points in the design of the hydrocyclone and everything you need to know about this group of water treatment equipment. Join Haft Industrial Group, one of the most experienced Hydrocyclone design and manufacturing teams.
What is a hydrocyclone?
Hydrocyclone is one of the practical equipment in water purification that with the help of centrifugal force and the difference in weight and density of water and particles in it, has the ability to separate them. This sand trap is capable of purifying water without the need for electrical energy and only with the help of dynamic energy, and therefore it is one of the cheapest methods of water purification. Water treatment and adsorption of sand by hydrocyclone is able to remove 95% of solid particles in water that are more than 45 microns in size.
How the hydrocyclone works
In order to remove solids in water without electrical energy and filters, a cylindrical tank and a cone have been used in the construction and design of the hydrocyclone. A cylindrical tank is placed at the top and a cone at the bottom, and two valves are used as water inlets and outlets on the cylindrical tank and a valve at the end of the cone is used to discharge the deposited solid particles.
The operation of the hydrocyclone is such that the inlet valve of the hydrocyclone is tangential to the cylindrical tank and after transferring water from it to the tank, centrifugal pumps create pressure in the environment. The pressure applied to the water causes its droplets to rotate. Due to the rotation of the fluid, solid particles that are denser than water are gradually transferred to the walls of the conical section. The rotation of the water inside the device and the effect of the centrifugal force cause the air inside the water to be evacuated and face a slight pressure drop. Finally, due to the centrifugal force, the particles remaining in the water are transferred to the lower mouth of the cone and the pure water droplets move upwards and are transferred out of the drain valve above the cylindrical tank.
One of the important points in how Hydrocyclone works is the length of time the water stays in the tank and the sand trap. This takes about two to five minutes to allow enough solids to separate from the water droplets. One way to keep water droplets in the hydrocyclone for a long time is to reduce the size of the drain valve by one unit of the inlet valve.
Benefits of water treatment with Hydrocyclone
Despite the many methods used in water treatment such as nanofiltration and reverse osmosis that are able to remove very fine particles and even ions in it, in many cases a hydrocyclone can be a better option. The main reason is the advantages of this group of equipment according to the environment they use, the most important of which are:
- No need for electrical energy: This group of water treatment equipment operates only with dynamic energy and electrical energy has no application in them and therefore is quite economical in terms of energy consumption.
- Cheap price: The structure and materials used in the design of hydrocyclone are very cheap compared to other water treatment equipment and therefore do not need to pay much to use it in industrial and agricultural environments.
- Easy installation and maintenance: Unlike other equipment used in water purification, in which the filter is one of the main internal components, there is no filter in Hydrocyclone. As a result, there is no need for washing methods such as backwash or replacement and restoration of filters. In addition, the structure of this equipment is not complicated and as a result it has a long life and it is easy to maintain.
- Slight pressure drop: After water enters the hydrocyclone tank, the pressure applied through the centrifugal pump is not high and as a result, high water pressure drop is prevented.
- High particle removal efficiency: The use of centrifugal force in the operation of the hydrocyclone causes 95% of the solid particles in the water to settle. As a result, it can be used for industrial and agricultural purposes.
Application of Hydrocyclone
No need for electricity and also the very reasonable price of Hydrocyclone sand trap makes the use of this group of water treatment equipment very high. So that we can mention the following options for its main uses:
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Hydrocyclone of water wells and deep wells
Sand farms are needed on agricultural lands that need to pump water from deep wells for irrigation or in cases where drip and sprinkler irrigation is used. The sand and solid particles in the well water can damage the motor and water pump very quickly. In addition, the passage of water in drip and sprinkler irrigation will be blocked over time and their function will be disrupted. By installing a hydrocyclone in the path of water entering the pump, these problems can be largely solved.
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Hydrocyclone in reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis is one of the most important water purification methods whose equipment is financially expensive. That is why the pre-treatment stage is considered to prevent the filter life from being reduced and also to increase their working efficiency. At this stage, larger particles are removed by various methods such as hydrocyclone and water enters the RO with less pollution.
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Hydrocyclone in industry
Many industrial plants and even workshops for the production of food, flour, etc. are severely damaged due to the entry of waste solid particles into the facilities. For this reason, these problems can be largely solved by various methods such as the use of sand traps. Factories producing ceramic tiles, starch, flour and sand washing are some of the cases that use this method to purify water.
Price of hydrocyclone
The price of a hydrocyclone is generally much cheaper than other water treatment methods. But for different environments, you are faced with a high variety of types of Hydrocyclone. Accordingly, the price of a hydrocyclone will also vary. Among the important factors that are effective in determining the price of a hydrocyclone are the capacity of the tank and the device, the material of the cylindrical and conical tank body, after-sales service and the quality and accuracy used in the construction of the hydrocyclone.
Design and manufacture of hydrocyclone
Haft Industrial Group, with years of experience and expertise in the field of design and production of various types of water and wastewater treatment equipment, has designed and manufactured hydrocyclone in its activities. Each of the products in this collection, which is the result of the efforts of a team of professional and experienced engineers, has a guarantee and after-sales service and has a high variety. In order to contact this collection and receive advice and guidance for purchasing hydrocyclone and other equipment, you can use the phone numbers listed at the bottom of the page.
